Heating with air through pipes. How to arrange air heating of a country house: rules and construction schemes

Air heating - widespread in North America a method of heating private houses, in which air ducts are used instead of pipes and radiators with a liquid coolant.

They are deliver warm air into rooms from a special heat generator.

According to some sources, air heating in operation 1.5 times more economical than water. If desired, ventilation, air conditioning, purification and humidification systems are built into it.

The principle of operation of air heating

Operation of modern air heating systems based on air heating by a heat generator. From it, warm air is supplied to the premises through air ducts through the ventilation grilles.

Cold air is supplied to the heat generator both from the building and from the outside through separate air ducts and openings.

Air circulates naturally or by force. In the first case, this happens without additional equipment due to the fact that warm air is lighter, it rises, and cold air falls. This circuit is sensitive to the opening of windows and doors. Therefore, forced circulation is often chosen, which is carried out using a special fan.

Advantages

There are several of them:

• economy operation;
• efficiency up to 95%;
• fast warm-up premises;
• lack of liquid coolant and related problems(for example, damage to pipes during freezing);
• aesthetics(no pipes, radiators);
• opportunity with such a system. clean, ventilate, condition and humidify the air;
• automation when installing special equipment;
• safety provided by various sensors;
• saving with partial self-installation.

Flaws

They also exist, these are:

• installation of heating during the construction of the building(otherwise its parts may spoil the interior);
• the need for constant monitoring and Maintenance;
• high cost in Russia, including due to low distribution;
• design complexity associated with special calculations;
• energy dependence(in case of interruptions in the central power supply, an additional power supply is required).

Scheme of heating a private house with air

The main node of the system is usually installed in the basement of the house in its center and includes all basic equipment:

• air heater (heat generator);
• fan;
• filter and cleaner;
• humidifier;
• indoor unit of the air conditioner;
• various sensors.

Not all listed types of equipment are required to be installed. The minimum set will not fan, purifier, humidifier, air conditioner and sensors. From the main node of the system, often in the center of the house, the main, main air duct goes up. Through it, heated air is supplied to all levels of the building.

Photo 1. Scheme of air heating of a two-story private house. Arrows indicate parts of the heating structure.

Horizontal levels of heating ducts, as a rule, they are located under the floor of each floor, as well as in the ceiling of the upper level, thus covering the building from both below and above. Mounted separately air collection system inside and outside the house. The internal air is cleaned and humidified in the main unit, while the external air is used for additional ventilation and renewal.

How to install

In installing such a system, there are jobs that require the involvement of professionals, and those that some homeowners do on their own. The first ones include:

• calculation and design of the system;
• installation of gas equipment.

The second category is installation of some parts of the system (air ducts, sensors). This allows you to reduce the cost of organizing heating. It is best to start designing and installing such heating along with planning the house, since it is better to hide all parts in the floors and ceilings, and also immediately allocate space for installing the main unit.

The sequence of installing air heating at home:

1. design systems;
2. purchase equipment;
3. equipment installation main node;
4. mounting main air duct;
5. mounting other air ducts and gratings;
6. installation additional equipment(temperature and humidity sensors);
7. commissioning works;
8. Finishing work, as a result of which the components of the heating system are closed.

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Types of air heating

By type of heat generator there is:

• gas;
• solid fuel;
• electric air heating.

Usage gas has the advantage due to low fuel cost and full automation of the system. However, not all private houses in Russia are gasified. In this case, it makes sense to consider the installation on the site gas tank— gas storage facilities filled once or twice a year. Significant initial costs will save on heating for many years.

​

solid fuel the boiler will allow organizing more budget heating with its equipment.

But operation will require constant fuel loading every 8-12 hours during the cold season.

Here is the complete setup electrified air heating systems in private houses in the Russian Federation is difficult small allocated capacities for such households, which are often not enough for the operation of electric heat generators.

In addition, it is more costly to operate than a gas system.

According to the air circulation option, there are:

• direct-flow air heating systems;
• recirculation systems: natural type; forced type with supply and exhaust ventilation.

Direct-flow

This is a heating scheme known for hundreds of years, in which air heating was carried out in the lower room of the building by burning solid fuel, then through the channels in the floors and walls, the hot air reached the top of the building and went out through the holes at the top.

Peculiarities

In this case the walls and floors of the building warm up to a greater extent. Significant heat loss, since the entire volume of heated air goes outside.

Work principles

Air movement is due to heated masses rise naturally.

How to do

Initially, according to the schemes given on the Internet, fuel combustion in this heating system made directly on the premises without using any equipment.

At the same time, the air heating temperatures, obviously, assumed construction of a building only from non-combustible materials. This is the simplest air heating scheme, but it is rarely implemented, since it is costly, and the heating parameters are poorly controlled.

Recirculation systems

This scheme assumes not the loss of heated air, as in once-through systems, but its circulation inside the building which is much more economical.

Peculiarities

The use of such systems became possible with the start of natural gas heating.. With this more environmentally friendly fuel and with the help of special equipment, heated air began to be supplied directly to heated rooms.

Principle of operation

The air that was used to heat the room is not vented to the outside, but returns through the ventilation channels back to the heat generator. So it circulates repeatedly inside the building, which is economically beneficial, but unhygienic. CO 2 and dust accumulate in the premises. There are two options for such systems:

1. natural circulation (air masses move depending on their temperature: warm up, cold down, another name is gravitational);
2. forced circulation using supply and exhaust ventilation.

Photo 2. Diagram of a recirculating heating system from a gas furnace. Signed the main parts of the design.

The second option creates a more comfortable environment, allowing more uniform heating of rooms at different heights from the floor. In general, fully recirculating systems are more suitable for heating non-residential premises, since they do not provide clean fresh air inside buildings.

How to do

Installed at the bottom of the building heat generator, to it is done ducting to all areas of the building where ceiling vents. Warm air comes out of them into the rooms.

Another duct system is installed under the floor, colder air enters its ventilation grilles, which accumulates below under the influence of gravity. Through these air ducts, the air masses again enter the heat generator and a new cycle begins. The presence of fans for forced air movement helps to optimize the temperature regime.

- this is a universal climate system that allows you to combine heating, ventilation and air conditioning of a country house (cottage or cottage) together. In addition, its implementation in the house has other advantages. Let's consider them. How to organize the air heating of a private house? What equipment is used? What are the characteristics of the system, and what are its advantages over "traditional" heating systems?

What is "air heating"?

In Russia, this term is commonly used to refer to duct air treatment systems. The air is heated (by various devices using gas, electricity, water, etc.) and distributed throughout the premises of the house through the channels of the direct (supply) and reverse (return) flow air ducts. The equipment is selected based on the feasibility of the fuel used (the most economical type is gas air heaters, or), the power of the equipment is calculated on the basis of an engineering calculation that takes into account the heat losses of the premises for heating a particular house and the total heated area.

Pros and cons of air heating

Advantages of an air heating system:

- Versatility: You get heating, ventilation, air conditioning, air purification "in one bottle" - a complete climate system, and not just air heating in the premises of the house - Ease, speed, design: control is carried out automatically using the latest "smart" thermostats in the form newfangled electronic programmable gadgets; the heating rate is ensured by the absence of intermediate links (coolant in pipes and heating radiators) - the air of the desired temperature immediately enters the premises. – Highest system efficiency, up to 95% with condensing gas heaters. The logistics of work and operational temperature control can significantly reduce the overall energy consumption and save money. For comparison, traditional water heating systems have an energy efficiency of no more than 60%. – Highest reliability with gas heating. The absence of a liquid heat carrier eliminates leaks, air pockets and defrosting. – Ease of maintenance. It is enough to clean or change the air filter in a timely manner.

Disadvantages of air heating:

– air heating is suitable for houses with an area of ​​more than 90 sq.m. – with a smaller area, the installation is impractical – the installation of the air system is carried out before the final interior decoration, so the best option is its design and installation at the stage of building a house – air ducts occupy a certain space, which may entail (but not necessarily) reduce the height in their locations to a maximum of 20 cm - the correct implementation of the system requires professional calculations and project development. Although the assembly of air ducts can be done by hand, without the help of specialists, it requires certain tools.

Air heating equipment

Recuperator in the air system

The most practical and economical equipment for air systems is using natural gas as fuel. The equipment manufactured by our company, manufactured in the USA and Canada, is certified and tested by many years of operation. Among gas duct heaters, we use equipment from manufacturers such as Carrier, Rheem, AllStyle. Modern air heaters have a fuel efficiency of more than 93% AFUE and are multi-position - that is, they can be installed in any position (vertically, horizontally). They are available in different versions - with 1, two-stage or modulating burner, standard or energy efficient motor. Ventilation is carried out both in one-pipe and in the way. Water duct air heaters are also widely used. To heat the air, they use a liquid heat carrier - hot water or a glycol solution. Water is supplied from any source - a collector of a boiler room, a heating main, a water-heating boiler. For local air heating, local air heaters are used - gas, electric and water. They work on the principle of a heat gun and are mainly used for heating production and storage facilities.

Characteristics of the multifunctional air heating system

How comfortable is the house? The air in the rooms will have the temperature you set. It will be automatically maintained at the set value regardless of weather changes. You can quickly change it in accordance with the daily routine of your family. Constant or periodic (automatically adjustable) air exchange through air treatment provides favorable conditions and a more uniform temperature distribution in the premises. As a result, the best level of comfort is achieved, in which the stay in the house becomes more comfortable, thereby increasing the quality of human life. What about design? The absence of the need to install radiators allows you to free up space under the windows and thereby equip the interior of the house more aesthetically. This is especially true for high windows or solid glazing, which is often used in living rooms. Moreover, with continuous glazing with electric or water heating, you cannot do without expensive convectors built into the floor. And with air heating, you get this by default. What is the reliability of the system? Heating the house with air eliminates the need to lay pipes with liquid heat carrier in structures and under the finish, which reduces to zero any possibility of hot liquid leakage and emergency defrosting of pipes. Several dissimilar heaters can be integrated into such a system to enable air heating from various sources. What is its economy? Forced blowing of the heat exchanger during air heating, for example, a country cottage, provides increased heat transfer and more efficient use of energy. Reducing the inertia of heat supply to the room allows you to reduce the warm-up time and change the temperature more quickly, reducing it during the absence of people. Automatic maintenance of the set temperature eliminates overheating and excessive energy consumption. Versatility and flexibility It is more correct to call ducted air heating a centralized air treatment system, because in addition to heating, several different functions are combined here. Air is distributed throughout the premises thanks to air ducts, which are most often laid in interfloor ceilings and hidden by decoration. The parameters of the air entering the premises are brought to the set values ​​using a complex of equipment processing it. The more functions are included, the more opportunities the user gets to process the air in order to bring it to conditioned conditions. The basic configuration of such heating provides air heating, its mechanical filtration from suspended dust and partial air supply from the street for ventilation needs. The basic version can be expanded and supplemented with such equipment as: - humidifier - to maintain optimal air humidity, - electronic filter - for finer purification of air from the smallest microparticles, - UV lamp - for antibacterial air treatment, - heat exchanger - to reduce energy, spent on heating the air coming from the street, and for the ability to control the amount of removed and incoming air, which is especially important for rooms with increased requirements for the volume of supply air (for example, for gyms or swimming pools), - air conditioning - to remove excess moisture from the air and its cooling in the summer, - a heat pump - to act as an air conditioner and a backup source of heating in the off-season and moderate cold, - a secondary heating element (for example, a heating element) for a backup or temporary source of heating while waiting for the appearance of the main energy carrier (most often gas) . Equipment for performing additional functions can be installed on the basic version immediately or later, as needed, without the need for significant modifications. Together, we get a full-fledged climate system, built individually for the needs of a particular family. You can also choose from various automation devices - both conventional electronic programmable thermostats, and intelligent self-learning devices with the ability to remotely control using mobile devices or a computer. Air heating can be implemented from various sources: gas, electricity, freon or hot water, which comes from a centralized system or is prepared individually - for example, a solid fuel or diesel boiler, or a geothermal heat pump. At the moment, the most optimal and most often in demand are heating systems that use direct heating by burning natural or liquefied gas. Even if there is no main gas in the near future, in most cases it is most advisable to use it on the basis of a gas tank - a tank for liquefied gas. The specialists of our company have extensive experience in designing air treatment systems for houses of various designs and areas, for wooden and brick, as well as frame houses. We independently supply the equipment we use and perform the full range of works from engineering calculations and design documentation for the heating system to its complete installation, commissioning and maintenance. We do not just implement climate systems that include, we create such conditions in your home under which you enjoy your stay in it.

Do-it-yourself air heating: how justified is it?

In numerous forums and articles on home heating, you can read tips on installing air heating with your own hands. However, independent calculation and installation of duct heating and ventilation in practice does not occur: these are just advertising tricks. Engineering calculations are too complicated, and equipment needs to be connected, installed and commissioned exclusively by specialists. In addition, the savings in the case of self-installation of the system are very doubtful - for its proper installation and debugging, you will need to purchase an additional highly specialized tool. Our advice is simple: the equipment should be installed by professionals - it's faster, cheaper, and will provide your home with a comfortable and safe living environment for many years to come.

House with air heating after finishing:

Video - multifunctional air heating system of a private house:

Execution time - 1-2 days. Your request does not oblige you to anything, make it if you have already built a house, but there are no finishes and engineering communications yet, or if you only have a project for a house, or if you still have only a desire to build a house and you already decided on its area. Step 2 - approve the project You: Specify the necessary information, conclude an agreement for the design of the air system and make an advance payment for the design. We: We make heat engineering calculations, select equipment that meets the calculated loads and your task, prepare a sketch of the air distribution system, come to your site or send it to you in electronic form for discussion and approval. You: Study the sketches proposed by us (how it is planned to place the air ducts), make corrections if necessary. After agreement with the designer, approve the technical documentation and make the final part of the payment for the design work. We: We provide you with the documentation in printed form and provide the actual heating calculation according to the specification. Execution time - 10-30 days(depends on the duration of the approval stage and the number of corrections). Design is carried out only on the basis of floor plans. To perform this work, you must have a project of the house or sketches of the layout of the premises. You can start these works before the house is built or when the house is already built. Step 3 - installation and connection You: Conclude a contract for the assembly of the air distribution system (air ducts) and make an advance payment. We: We go to the site and install air ducts You: Make the second part of the payment for the installation of air ducts. The term of execution is from 10 to 20 days. Installation of air ducts is carried out in the presence of walls, ceilings and roofs (temporary or permanent). After all other engineering communications have been completed, as well as the interior decoration of the premises, we install climate equipment by connecting it to the installed air duct system.** *The proposal contains a brief description of the solution we propose and an approximate calculation of the climate system based on the area of ​​your house, based on the average practical implementation results for similar objects. The calculation includes separately the cost of the basic scheme, indicating the cost of individual components, and the additional options you specified. **You can install both basic and optional equipment - for example, by connecting a UV filter, an electronic filter, a humidifier, etc. Options can be connected both immediately and after the installation of the basic equipment. The final part of the payment is made at the end of commissioning. If gas equipment is used with a connection to the main gas, then the supply of natural gas is carried out by the gas sales organization only after the installation and connection of gas-using equipment. ONLINE CALCULATION OF THE CLIMATE SYSTEM OF A HOUSE WITH AIR HEATING

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Maintaining a comfortable temperature in the house while spending a minimum amount of money is the dream of absolutely any homeowner. In this article, we will consider how to do air heating of a private house with our own hands, how such a system works and what are its advantages. Some nuances of independent installation and operation of the air heating system will also be highlighted. Let's get started!

Heating, ventilation and air conditioning in one installation

A system of this type includes either a water heater or a heat generator. These devices are responsible for heating the air. In the room, warm air is distributed using a special fan that directs it to the desired areas. The best way to organize air space heating are portable heat guns. They quickly and intensively heat the necessary areas. Currently, many have begun to use this method in country houses and in the country.

Pros and cons of air heating in the house

The advantages of this heating method include:

• The efficiency is up to 93%;
• there are no intermediate links during the transfer of warm air, such as radiators and pipes;
• heating and air conditioning systems can be easily combined. Therefore, the temperature in the room is maintained exactly as it was set by the users;
• low passivity of the system, with which you can heat the necessary areas to a high temperature.

But, despite the many positive qualities of heating, there are also disadvantages. They must be remembered by those who want to make air heating of a private house with their own hands. These include:

• installation of the unit can only be carried out during the construction of the premises. It is imperative to develop and calculate all the parameters of the system before carrying out construction work;
• air heating must be constantly maintained;
• this system is not improved;
• electricity consumption is quite large. To save money, it is best to purchase a backup power supply.

It's important to know! This type of heating is widely known and applicable in European countries, and, since the climate is quite cold there, 80% of houses and cottages located outside the city are heated in this way.

Scheme and installation device

Below is the components of air heating of a private house with your own hands:

• Bake;
• Filter elements;
• A pipe that takes air from a room;
• Hood;
• A pipe that brings fresh air;
• Supply of warm air to the room;
• A system that removes cooled air from the house;
• Chimney.

In the form of a heat generator, a liquid or gas heater equipped with a programmable controller is perfect. After the house is completely warmed up, the automation immediately works and maintains the temperature according to the specified parameters.

Note! The heater should turn on automatically a maximum of 4 times a day, provided that the thermal insulation is of high quality. This mode helps to save energy.

Do-it-yourself air heating of a private house: types of schemes

In order for air-type heating to work as efficiently as possible in your case, everyone should know all the available types of organization schemes. Each type has fundamental differences and subtleties of installation.

System classification

Air heating according to the principle of air circulation can be natural and forced. With natural circulation, air rises to the ceiling and moves through the duct to a particular area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe house that needs to be heated. Forced air circulation is carried out by using powerful fans in the installation.

According to the type of scale, heating is local and central. A local system is needed to create a comfortable temperature in a particular room. A centralized air heating system for a private house provides heating and temperature maintenance throughout the residential building.

According to the principle of heat exchange, the installations are divided into supply, recirculation and partial recirculation. Supply air is used to use the air from the street, which is supplied by a fan to the heater.

With partial recirculation, both air from the street and warm air from the premises of the house are used. With the recirculation principle, the air is constantly updated, cooling in the premises and reheating in the air heater or heat exchanger.

According to the location of the system, there are suspended and floor. With the help of a floor installation, the air not only heats up quickly, but also enters all rooms through the air ducts, giving them heat. This system can also be supplemented with climate control. This means that in summer, in hot weather, the temperature can also be lowered. With the help of this function, the room becomes quite comfortable.

If the choice of purchase stops at air heating at home according to the Canadian method, this means that you will have the opportunity to set and control not only the air temperature, but also the humidity and degree of purification.

Related article:

Heating your home with electricity: the most economical way. If there is no gas main nearby, it is recommended to heat the house with electricity. The most economical way can be chosen by analyzing all available options. We'll talk about this.

How is air heating calculated

In order to correctly calculate the heating and distribute all the equipment, one cannot do without the help of design engineers who have vast experience in this matter. To independently perform all the work on the calculation and selection of equipment, you must adhere to some rules:

• calculate the heat loss of the whole house and each room separately;
• select the type and power of the air heater, as well as the ventilation unit;
• calculate the required air exchange based on the requirements of SNiP;
• perform an aerodynamic analysis of the system to determine the air pressure loss in the duct and determine the diameter of the air duct.

Useful advice! For every 1m. sq. an average of 80-100 watts of heat is needed. For a more accurate calculation, use the calculator below.

If even the slightest errors are made in the calculation of heating, some unpleasant moments will arise: noise, draft or overheating, and then equipment failure. It is worth checking everything several times to avoid discomfort.

The most economical option for air heating a country house is the use of solar panels. This method is gaining popularity due to the increasing availability. Here the number of sunny days per year matters, then the number of collectors is calculated, which absorb the energy of the sun and, subsequently, process it into heat. Collectors are best placed on the roof and walls of the house or on specially built structures for this purpose.

Calculator for calculating the required heat output for air heating

Calculator for calculating the required heat output of air heating

no one two three

35⁰С and below from -30⁰С to -34⁰С from -25⁰С to -29⁰С from -20⁰С to -24⁰С from -15⁰С to -19⁰С from -10⁰С to -14⁰С not colder than -10⁰С

Cold floor on the ground or above an unheated room Warm floor on the ground or above an unheated room Heated room

Heated room Warm attic or other room Cold attic or unheated room

up to 2.7 m 2.8÷3.0 m 3.1÷3.5 m 3.6÷4.0 m over 4.1 m

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Assistance in choosing a heat generator and installation steps

Air ducts are usually ordered at special enterprises that produce such equipment. If there is a desire to install, then it is necessary to insulate the supply air ducts. Condensation does not appear during thermal insulation. In order to install the main air duct, it is recommended to choose galvanized steel. It is pasted over with foil self-adhesive insulation with a thickness of about 5 mm.

In order to hide the air ducts, it is recommended to use the space between the ceilings, which is located behind the false ceiling. There are 2 types of air ducts: rigid and flexible. They are selected for a specific type of air heater. Aluminum tape is used to connect several air ducts.

The most important point when performing the installation is the order of operations. First of all, it is necessary to install an air heater with a heat exchange chamber. From it comes the wiring and mounting of the air heater. Thermal insulation of channels must be carried out without fail. Branches are made through flexible hoses. Sleeves, in turn, are mounted in the wall.

Advice! It is necessary to use the advice of a specialist when choosing a good model of a heat generator for air heating of a private house, the price of which depends on its technical parameters. And it is better to put the devices in a room specially designated for this.

The heat source is the most important detail. In order to connect it, it is best to use the services of specialists. But if you want to do this work yourself, you should read and understand the instructions very carefully. It is recommended to install the structure in a separate room. A basement would be perfect. The chimney is desirable with. The heat exchanger itself is connected to the air duct, and the fan is located under the combustion chamber.

Installation of air heating systems is a complex and responsible process, which is preceded by painstaking calculation and selection of equipment. With proper theoretical preparation, it is quite possible to do the work with your own hands. In all other cases, contact a specialist.

Air heating (video)

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Comfort in the house primarily depends on the reliability and efficiency of heating. The selection of the optimal scheme with high technical performance at a minimum cost makes us pay attention to new developments in this area. Today, the most optimal, low-cost and practical option is air heating of a private house.

Heating with warm air was used in Canada and the USA in the middle of the last century. For Russia, this type of heating, even today, is still only exotic. But large areas, complex layout and multi-storey buildings force the use of progressive methods. Therefore, now more and more often they come to the conclusion that air heating at home is an ideal option.

Areas of use

The design of heating and its installation is increasingly used for heating domestic premises. They effectively heat warehouses, large hangars, modern supermarkets, shopping centers. In such rooms, forced circulation is more often used, this allows you to evenly distribute heat by adjusting the temperature regime with the help of automation.

Equipment

The operation of the air heating system is based on heating the air and redirecting it to heat the premises. To do this, the system is equipped with the following equipment:

• gas air heater (or other model depending on fuel) - the main source of heat;
• heat exchanger - warms up the passing air, and does not allow mixing of streams with exhaust gases;
• air ducts - redirect the flow of warm air to the interior;
• filter, humidifier and freshener - maintain air quality by cleaning it from dust and bacteria;
• central air conditioning - used to maintain comfort inside the building through the existing duct system in summer;
• automation system - monitors the temperature regime of the room, controls the temperature, the mode of operation of the heat generator.

Principle of operation

The air heating system in a private house works according to certain principles. Let's take a closer look at the algorithm:

Air heating to the required temperature

This is done by a heat generator using hot water, steam, electricity or some kind of fuel. The operation of the device is controlled by automation, and when the desired temperature is reached, it turns off and works in standby mode.

Redirecting air into rooms

This happens through a system of air ducts, which are round and rectangular. Round ones have less aerodynamic resistance, while rectangular ones fit more easily into the interior of a private house due to a more advanced design.

Warming up the room

At the exit, through a special distributor, the air flow enters the room and evenly warms it up. After cooling, the air returns to the heat generator for reheating through pipes of a separate duct system. Flows circulate, and its effectiveness depends on the selection of equipment, accurate engineering calculations, fuel selection, and temperature conditions.

The circulation inside the air heating system can be natural or forced. With a natural pattern of movement, warm air, rising up, gives way to cooled air after warming up the premises. Forced circulation is supported by a fan - the pressure it creates causes air to move inside the ducts.

Advantages

The air heating system has a number of beneficial advantages. Let's consider the main ones:

High efficiency

The efficiency of such a device is high, while a large area of ​​\u200b\u200bpremises is heated as efficiently and quickly as possible. The heated air is evenly distributed throughout the rooms, which makes it easy to maintain the desired temperature throughout the house.

Additional functions

For example, in the summer, air heating of a country house will be an excellent solution, since it is possible to ventilate the room, and when an air conditioner is connected, air conditioning.

When using additional filters, humidifiers, air fresheners, heating performs the general functions of the climate system and maintains comfort in the house. Thus, a complex air treatment center is created in the house, which, in addition to heating, processes and purifies it.

economy

It is easy to make a complete calculation of air heating and heated area, the cost per 1 cubic meter. Subsequent operating costs are negligible. Maintaining a normal temperature regime without overheating the premises above 24 ° C significantly saves fuel. When compared with water heating, in this case, energy costs are 1.5 times lower.

Self-assembly

You can carry out air heating with your own hands, which will help you save money. It is best to do this at the construction stage. Installation of an air heating system consists of the following steps:

Carrying out calculations

This is one of the most difficult and lengthy stages, requiring knowledge, skills and careful work. You need to consider several important factors:

• calculate heat losses separately for each room;
• choose the type of air heater and its power depending on the indicators of heat loss;
• based on the heater power indicators, calculate the amount of warm air;
• make an aerodynamic calculation of the entire system;
• calculate the required diameter of the air channels.

Purchase of equipment

You should start with the purchase of the most important part - the heat generator. It should be selected based on the size of the heated area and fuel consumption indicators.

Air ducts, tie-ins and dampers are best purchased at a special enterprise that produces ventilation equipment.

Everything else, namely aluminum tape, self-tapping screws, mounting tape, insulation, etc., you will find on any construction market.

Mounting Features

During the installation of this heating system, the main air duct is first mounted. Usually it is made of galvanized steel, after which it is glued with foil insulation about 3-5 mm thick.

After that, a system of smaller air ducts is mounted, which branch off from the main one. In order for the system to be easily regulated, a throttle valve must be installed in each supply duct.

At the end of the main air duct, it is better to leave a section 50 cm long, in which there will be no insertion of thin air ducts. So there will be uniform pressure along the entire length of the device and the same volumes of air will enter the side branches.

All this is followed by the installation of the air heater itself. It provides all the mounting holes for additional equipment (filters, air conditioning, air sterilizer) and a system of fasteners. Assembly of the complex will take no more than an hour. However, connecting all this equipment will take time.

From all this we can conclude that the air heating of the cottage is a modern and efficient option that has long been used abroad and is slowly being introduced into Russian homes.

The choice of a heating system for a private house is an important issue, the correct solution of which ensures a comfortable stay for the owner of the house and his family members. In addition, the optimally selected option allows you to save a certain amount of money and provides the reliability of operation required in frosty winters. Consider one of the little-used, but quite effective types of home heating - air heating.

Expert opinion

Fedorov Maxim Olegovich

Air heating of a private house is carried out by supplying warm air to the premises. All interior items, furniture, walls and ceilings of the house are heated from it.

Creates a comfortable and cozy environment for residents. Unlike common water and electric types of heating, air heating has a faster action, less inertia and can be controlled much more precisely and quickly. In addition, such systems are often combined with ventilation systems, allowing you to filter the circulating air and remove dust particles and other unnecessary suspensions from it.

Air heating is easier and less expensive than heating the coolant in a boiler, consuming fuel or electricity, so the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of air heating can compete with any other method. Such systems are greatly underestimated and have great prospects.

Device

An air heating system needs the following components:

• heat exchanger that directly heats the air

• control device that allows you to adjust the operating modes and temperature in the house

The scheme of operation of the heating system is quite simple: cold air is passed through the heating device and receives thermal energy from it. Through a system of channels, it is delivered to the living quarters and, mixing with the internal air, creates the most comfortable temperature there. Excess air is removed from the premises through openings, leaks and other openings.

Expert opinion

Heating and ventilation engineer RSV

Fedorov Maxim Olegovich

It is noteworthy that the air heating of a private house does not create an excessive back pressure that causes slamming doors or difficulties when opening windows. The pressure drops are quite small and imperceptible, they do not cause any discomfort or difficulties.

Advantages and disadvantages

The air heating system of a private house has several advantages:

• high efficiency and speed of heating

• economy. Air heating costs are much lower than with alternative methods

• The efficiency of this method is the highest - up to 93%

• heat energy is transferred directly, and not through intermediate devices (pipes, radiators, etc.)

• system management is quite easy and allows you to organize your own temperature regime in each room

• from a structural point of view, the installation of the equipment is a simple task, since there is no high pressure and there is no need for exceptional tightness of the air channels. If a hole appears in one air duct, no accidents occur, no one suffers from this

• the equipment has a rather long service life - according to experts, a 20-year period of operation for the system is quite affordable

• system cost is low

• possibility of self-assembly the highest of all available options

Along with the advantages, there are some disadvantages:

• the need for a qualitative calculation of the system. All errors will cause insufficient heating, which will manifest itself at the most unfortunate time - in winter frosts, so the accuracy of the calculation must be appropriate

• There is a need for maintenance and cleaning of air channels from soot, dust and condensate. Accumulations of extraneous layers reduce traction and disrupt the heating of rooms

Knowing all the pros and cons allows you to eliminate the possibility of errors in the design, installation and operation of equipment.

Kinds

There are two main air heating systems:

• with natural circulation

• with forced circulation

natural circulation

Natural circulation systems work on the principle of lifting hot air up. Rising, it displaces colder layers, gradually warming up the entire room. To ensure the functioning of this method, it is necessary to have a heater at the lowest point of the house (in the basement), which forms a kind of cushion of heated air rising up and entering the premises. Cold masses come to replace the rising hot masses and everything repeats again.

Expert opinion

Heating and ventilation engineer RSV

Fedorov Maxim Olegovich

This technique is good because it does not create multiple recirculation of air that accumulates dust, becomes saturated with carbon dioxide and loses its quality.

forced circulation

Forced circulation enables more precise, targeted adjustment of the flow entering the premises. The movement of air masses is provided by a fan, which stabilizes the movement of the hot jet, creates a constant pressure and air flow. At the same time, the saturation of such a system with equipment is much higher, in addition, the operation of the fan depends on the availability of electricity, and in the event of interruptions that are possible in private homes, the heating of the premises stops. In addition, fans, although they have a long service life, sometimes fail, which forces the home owner to provide an alternative type of heating in case the main system malfunctions.

There are different types of heat generators, by the name of which heating systems are sometimes classified, highlighting gas, solar or electric air heating. Such a classification seems to be erroneous, since the system itself or the principle of heating does not change with a change in the type of heat source.

How is the calculation made?

The calculation of air heating includes several steps:

• determination of room heat loss

• according to the value of losses is the power of the heat generator

• the amount of air needed to supply the premises

• cross-section of air ducts

Engineers

Expert opinion

Heating and ventilation engineer RSV

Fedorov Maxim Olegovich

Designing air heating is not an easy task. To solve it, it is necessary to find out a number of factors, the independent determination of which can be difficult. RSV specialists can make a preliminary for you free of charge premises based on GREEERS equipment.

Without being a specialist, it is simply impossible to correctly calculate the air heating of a house. You need to know the calculation methodology, which has many options, and most importantly, you need to have the appropriate experience in order to correctly calculate all losses and the required power. For this the best option would be. Only he, after a thorough examination of the house, the material of the walls, floors, comparison of volumes, other parameters of the premises, will be able to accurately enough make the necessary calculations.

On one's own

Alternatively, you can use an online calculator. There are many of them on the network on specialized resources, where it is enough to substitute your data for all the necessary parameters to get the desired result. This method of calculation is frankly weak., cannot be compared with the calculations of a specialist, since not everyone knows some important parameters of the house. Nevertheless, the method exists, is actively used. For greater accuracy, confidence in the quality of the calculations, you should duplicate them several times on other resources in order to select some average value from several options.

Equipment selection criteria

Selecting a heat generator

First of all, you should decide on the choice of a heat generator. Its power is known from the calculation, but what its type is is determined by the capabilities of the owner of the house, the availability of fuel or resources. In the absence of any resource receipts, either a solid fuel boiler or a gas boiler operating on imported gas (in cylinders) is selected.

The availability of electricity, connection to a DHW system or from a gas main can change the choice to some other. Usually, the main selection criterion in the presence of several options is the greatest efficiency of one or another type of heat generator, its reliability, and simplicity of design. There are designs of boilers that can operate on different types of fuel. To switch from one type to another, you only need to change the burner, which is very practical in a private home.

Equipment

The choice of a heat generator determines the selection of other equipment corresponding to it in terms of power, performance or throughput. The type of boiler determines the presence, composition of additional equipment for supplying or storing fuel, adjusting the combustion mode. Here, the most successful design of the heat exchanger is selected, corresponding in terms of parameters to the heater. Most designs of heat exchangers are based on the principle of operation - washing or passing a jet of cold air through closely spaced heated elements.

air ducts

The choice of air ducts is based on their capacity. For a private house, flexible channels are good, capable of being installed in any conditions, providing the possibility of replacement if necessary. The canal system usually ends with .

Control or selection of a certain mode can be done manually or using an automatic control device.

Do-it-yourself installation procedure

Installation of an air heating system for a private house consists in installing and connecting a heater, a heat exchanger, a system of channels that transport hot air to the premises. To perform the work, the most optimal time will be the stage of building a house, when all the necessary technological holes can be made without destroying the finish or decoration of walls and ceilings.

• Installation of a boiler with a heat exchanger is carried out in a special room equipped according to the operating conditions of the equipment.

Expert opinion

Heating and ventilation engineer RSV

Fedorov Maxim Olegovich

Important! A trial run of the system is carried out at the minimum heating mode, which gradually increases to the desired value.

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